山东自考本科00015英语二考试必考考点：定语从句（四）

判断改错

1.This is the mountain village where I visited last year.          2.I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

3.This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

4.I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

答案：1.错2.错3.对4.对

解析：

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where  B. that   C. on which   D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where    B. that   C. on which    D. the one

答案：例1：D  例2：A

例1变为肯定句：

This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句：

This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.  

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。  

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；

先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。