复习资料：山东自考英语二常考单词解析（六）

山东自考网小编为大家整理了山东自考英语二常考单词解析复习资料，考生最好能抽出时间来，每天背几个单词，等到考试的时候就不会慌张。

1、transcend v. to be or go beyond the usual limits of something 超出，超越（通常的界限）

eg: Such matters transcend man's knowledge, i.e. we cannot know about them. 这些问题人类是无法了解的。

衍生

transcendent adj. extremely great; supreme 卓越的；至高无上的

eg: a writer of transcendent genius 杰出的天才作家

2、burden n. a duty, responsibility, etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work（义务、责任等的）重担，负担

eg: bear/carry/shoulder a heavy burden 负有/负起/肩负/重担

3、affliction n. pain and suffering or something that causes it 折磨；痛苦

eg: help people in affliction 帮助受苦的人

衍生

afflict v. [usu. passive 通常用於被动语态]

~ sb./sth. （with sth.）cause trouble, pain or distress to sb./sth. 使某人/某物苦恼﹑ 疼痛或悲痛

eg: She is afflicted with （i.e. suffers from） arthritis. 她患关节炎。

Severe drought has afflicted the countryside. 严重的干旱使乡村深受其害。

构词

词根 flict = to strike 打击

afflict v. 折磨

affliction n. 痛苦

conflict n. 冲突

inflict v. 使遭受

infliction n. 痛苦 

4、species n. a group into which animals, plants, etc. that are able to breed with each other and produce healthy young are divided, smaller than a genus and identified by a Latin name 种，物种（分类上小于属）

eg: pandas and other endangered species 熊猫和其他濒危物种

5、confront v. to deal with a problem or difficult situation 处理，解决（问题或困境）

be confronted with sth.

eg: Customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. 顾客面临众多选择。

衍生

confrontation n. （instance of） angry opposition 对抗；对抗的事物

eg: a confrontation between the government and the unions 政府与工会之间的对抗

6、instruct v. to teach somebody something, or show them how to do something 教授；指导

~ sb. （in sth.） 

eg: instruct a class （in history） 教某班级（历史）

衍生

instructor n. person who instructs; trainer 教员；教练；指导员

eg: a driving instructor 驾驶教练

instruction n. ~ （in sth.） process of teaching; knowledge or teaching given（对知识的）教授，传授；（传授的）知识；教导

eg: In this course, students receive instruction in basic engineering. 在本课程中，学生能学到基础工程学的知识。

构词

词根 struct = to build 建造，建立

structure n. 构造，结构

construct v. 建设

construction n. 建设

destruction n. 毁灭

destructive adj. 有破坏力的

instruct v. 指导

instruction n. 教导

superstructure n. 上层建筑