2022年4月山东自考英语国家概况试题

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B，C and D arc given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. (50 points，1 point for each)

1. The English Civil War is also called_.

A. the Second Magna Carta B. the Glorious Revolution

C. the Puritan Revolution D. the Long Parliament

2. _were the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes.

A. The Iberians B. The Gaels

C. The Brythons D. The Belgae

3. Which of the following is NOT true about King Alfred?

A. He was a learned man.

B. He did not encourage learning in others.

C. He established schools and formulated a legal system.

D. He is said to have taught himself Latin at the age of 40.

4. Domesday Book was completed in_.

A. 1066 B. 1085 C. 1086 D. 1215

5. Under William the Conqueror, the feudal system in England was completely established. According to this system,_.

A. the barons owned the land

B. the King owned all the land personally

C. the freemen were at the bottom of the feudal scale

D. the growth of the power of the barons was not restrained

6. The Black Death in the 14th century_.

A. spread through the whole world

B. was an cpidemic disease spread by rat fleas

C. killed two thirds of the population in England

D. spared those who were rich enough to afford the expensive medicine

7. Which of the following is NOT a reason that Henry VIII carried out the religious reform?

A. He needed money.

B. He was a frivolous king.

C. The privilege and wealth of the clergy were resented.

D . A desire for change and reform in the Church had been growing for many years.

8. What was Elizabeth’s relationship with the Parliament?

A. It was often turbulent.

B. She often troubled the Parliament

C. She was not able to work with the Parliament.

D. The Puritans in the House of Commons were not loyal to her.

9. Who is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English language?

A. Christopher Marlowe. B. Ben Johnson.

C. William Shakespeare. D. Geoffrey Chaucer.

10. Elizabethan drama began to excel only in the last decade of the_

century and reached its height in the first 15 years of the_century.

A. 15th, 16th B. 16th, 17th

C. 17lh, 18th D. 18th, 19th

11. The British Sovereign, Queen Elizabeth II，came to the throne in_.

A. 1950 B. 1951

12. Most bills in the House of Commons arc relating to public policy, the great majority of which arc government measures introduced by_.

A. a Minister B. an individual member

C. the Speaker D. the Opposition Leader

13. In the United Kingdom, which of the following is NOT responsible for justice? A. Lord Chancellor. B. Home Secretary.

C. Attorney General. D. Chancellor of Exchequer.

14. The House of Lords may not delay for longer than one year any bill passed by the Commons in_successive sessions.

A. two B. three

C. four D. five

15. According to the text, the British_is by far the largest advertising medium.

A. press B. radio

C. television D. internet ..

16. Which statement about British higher education is NOT true?

A. The British universities are not governed by royal charters.

B. Tuition fees for students are paid through the awards system.

C. Universities can appoint their own staff, and decide which students to admit.

D. Universities enjoy academic freedom, and provide their own courses and award their degrees.

17. Easter is traditionally associated with the following EXCEPT_.

A. the coming of spring B. the eating of Easter eggs

C. the resurrection of Christ D. the burning of a guy on bonfire

18. British citizens over the age of_have the right to vote, except criminals

and certified lunatics.

A. 16 B. 18

C. 19 D. 21

19. Ceremonies are held at Buckingham Palace and the Palace of Holyroodhouse in_to bestow honors.

A. England B. Wales

20. In Britain, the parliament has the following functions EXCEPT_.

A. to pass laws

B. to declare war and make peace

C. to examine the actions of the government

D. to authorize taxation and public expenditure

21. The Declaration of Independence is a clear explanation of the political theory behind the American Revolution and this theory came from the British philosopher_.

A. John Locke B. Thomas Jefferson

C. Alexander Hamilton D. George Washington

22. The Blacks make up about_of the total population in the U.S.

A. 10.1% B. 12.1%

C. 15.1% D. 20.1%

23. The biggest city in the U.S. is_.

A. Los Angeles B. San Francisco

C. Chicago D. New York

24. General Motors, Ford and Chrysler are the three giants in American_•

A. auto industry B. computer industry

C. steel industry D. chemical industry

25. _accounts for a major source of population growth in the U.S.

A. Immigration B. Emigration

C. High birth rate D. Low death rate

26. When O'Sullivan first put forward the “Manifest Destiny”_.

A. he wanted to support the volunteers fighting in Texas

B. he wanted to justify American westward territorial expansion

C. he wanted to prove that the Americans were God’s chosen people

D. none of the above

27. The “first Americans” were_.

A. the Asians B. the Africans
 28. The laissez-faire theory of the 19th century should be understood as_.

A. government control of economy

B. monopoly of economy by big business

C. cut-throat competition and survival of the fittest

D. government giving the business people a free hand in managing economy

29. One of the results of WWI to the United States was_.

A. it became a debtor nation

B. it became a creditor nation

C. it owed other countries 3.7 billion US dollars

D. it became the strongest military power in the world

30. In the long telegram to the U.S. State Department, George Kennan wrote that

A. a war with the Soviet Union was inevitable

B. reconciliation with the Soviet Union was impossible

C. the Soviet Union would not expand in the near future

D. a policy of containment should be adopted in dealing with the Soviet Union

31. The Taiwan Relations Act was adopted by the U.S. Congress_.

A. not long before Carter left the White House

IB. in the first term of the Reagan administration

C. soon after the establishment of diplomatic relations with China

D. not long before the establishment of diplomatic relations with China

32. Which of the following is NOT an impact of the Vietnam War on the American society?

A. The image of the United States was discredited.

B. The country was weakened as a result of the long war.

C. The American defense budget was much smaller than ever.

D. American society had never been so divided since the Civil War.

33. _was the first American President to resign as a result of the Watergate Scandal.

A. President Kennedy B. President Johnson C. President Kennedy D. President Johnson
34. The U.S. Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least_years of age.

A. 30 B. 35

C. 40 D. 45

35. In February 1972,_visited China and met Chairman Mao Zedong and the two countries issued the Shanghai Communique.

A. President Bush B. President Carter

C. President Reagan D. President Nixon

36. In the United States, the privately owned and operated businesses including farms, produce_of the total output of goods and services.

A. all B. most

C. half D. less than half

37. The community colleges in the U.S. have the following main functions EXCEPT_.

A. to research and offer public service

B. to prepare students for transferring to a B.A. program

C. to provide vocational training for the working people

D. to provide recreational and cultural activities for adults

38. Today_of the American people still live under the poverty line.

A. none B. few

C. some D. many

39. Christopher Columbus reached the New World in_.

A. 1492 B. 1607

C. 1620 D. 1776
40. _is considered to be Hemingway's representative work.
A. Old Man and the Sea B. For Whom the Bell Tolls

C. The Sun Also Rises D. A Farewell to Arms

41. Off the_coast of Australia is a 2,000 km line of coral islands and reefs known as the Great Barrier Reef.

A. northwestern B. southwestern

C. northeastern D. southeastern

42. Australia as a whole averages only_persons per square kilometer.

A. two B. three 

43. The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) was mapped out of the state of_to be the site of the national capital.

A. Tasmania B. Victoria

C. Queensland D. New South Wales

44. Modem Australian culture is a mixture of the following traditions and influences EXCEPT__.

A. Asian B. British

C. African D. American

45. The sunniest town in New Zealand,_，receives more than 2400 hours

of sunshine a year.

八.Nelson B. Dunedin

C. Auckland D. Wellington

46. The Shannon River_in the Republic of Ireland.

A. is the most impressive

B. is the second largest river

C. provides much of the electric power

D. rises in the mountains near Sligo Bay

47. The capital of Canada, Ottawa，is located in the province of_.

A. Alberta B. Manitoba

C. Quebec D. Ontario

48. After_, the whole Canada came under the British rule.

A. the War of 1812 B. the Seven Years’ War

C. the First World War D. the War of Independence

49. In 1949, Newfoundland became Canada’s_province.

A. 7th B. 8th

C. 9lh D. 10th

50. In the past,_were the principal sources of immigration of Canada.

A. the United States B. Latin American countries 

C. Britain and Western Europe D. Britain and Northern Europe 

非选择题部分
 注怠車项：

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢节将答案写在答题纸上.不能答在试题卷上。

II. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.(30 points, 3 points for each)

51. When did England begin to be Christianized?

52. How is the British higher education financed?

53. What is the official residence of the British Prime Minister in London?

54. What was the U.S. Supreme Court ruling for the case of Brown versus Board of Education in 1954?

55. What is the “winner-take-all” system in the U.S.?

56. What kind of education is compulsory in the United States?

57. What is the policy that Australian governments have adopted to encourage people with different ethnic backgrounds to keep their own cultures?

58. What was the significance of the Statute of Westminster in 1931 to Canada?

59. When did the partition of Ireland occur?

60. What do the Maoris consider their ancestors and all living things in the world to be descended from?

III. TERM EXPLANATION

Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)

61. Quality papers in the United Kingdom

62. Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921

63. Frederick Douglass

64. Bilingualism in Canada