复习资料：山东自考英语二常考单词解析（三）

山东自考网小编为大家整理了山东自考英语二常考单词解析复习资料，考生最好能抽出时间来，每天背几个单词，等到考试的时候就不会慌张。

1、loyalty n.the quality of being faithful in your support of somebody/something忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿

eg:We all have a loyalty to the company.我们对公司都有效忠的义务。

衍生

loyal adj.true and faithful忠诚的；忠贞的

用法：~to sb./sth.

eg:remain loyal to one's principles信守自己的原则

2、befriend v.to become a friend of somebody,especially somebody who needs your help做朋友；友善相待

eg:They befriended the young girl,providing her with food and shelter.他们热心地照顾这个年轻的姑娘，给她吃的﹑给她住处。

构词be-改变词性的前缀

加在名词或形容词前，构成及物动词

friend n.朋友→befriend v.友好对待

calm n.镇静→becalm v.使镇静

head n.头→behead v.砍头

little adj.小的→belittle v.轻视；贬低

3、notoriety n.fame for being bad in some way恶名；坏名声

eg:His crimes earned him considerable notoriety.他因犯罪而声名狼藉。

衍生

notorious adj.（derog.贬）well-known for some bad quality,deed,etc.臭名昭着的；声名狼藉的

用法：~for/as sth.

eg:a notorious criminal/area天怒人怨的罪犯/地区

She's notorious for her wild behaviour.她因行为野蛮而知名。

相近词

4、fame n.being known or talked about by many people名声；名气

eg:The young musician rose quickly to fame.那个年轻的音乐家很快就出了名。

famous adj.known to very many people;celebrated出名的；著名的

eg:New York is famous for its skyscrapers.纽约以其摩天大楼驰名。

well-known adj.known by a lot of people著名的

eg:Paris is well-known for its rich culture.巴黎以其丰富的文化而著名。

5、exploit v.to treat a person or situation as an opportunity to gain an advantage for yourself利用（……为自己谋利）

eg:They exploited her generosity shamelessly.他们无耻地利用了她的慷慨。

其他词义

use,work or develop fully（esp.mines and other natural resources）利用或开发（尤指矿藏和其他自然资源）

eg:exploit oil reserves,water power,solar energy,etc.开发石油资源、开发水利资源、利用太阳能等

衍生

exploitable adj.that can be exploited可利用的；可开发的

eg:few exploitable coal-mines少量可开采的煤矿

exploitation n.exploiting or being exploited利用；开发

eg:full exploitation of oil wells充分利用油井资源

6、generation n.all the people who were born at about the same time（统称）一代人，同代人，同辈人

eg:experience handed down from generation to generation世代相传的经验

其他词义产生；发生

eg:the generation of electricity by steam or water-power蒸汽或水力发电

衍生

generate v.cause（sth.）to exist or occur;produce使（某物）存在或发生；产生

eg:generate heat,electricity,power,etc.产生热﹑电﹑动力等

hatred generated by racial prejudice种族偏见引起的仇恨