2023年10月山东自考英语(二)词形变化应试技巧

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词形变化( Word Form )应试技巧

1.熟练掌握动词词形变化规律。注意：动词形式既包括谓语动词的各种形式，如时态、语态及语气(直陈、虚拟)等，虚拟语气为重点，几年来的考题中都有这方面内容;也包括非谓语动词的各种形式。所以做动词的词形变化时，首先要搞清楚它在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后再作相应的变化。

2.认真学好并熟悉课文。本题所选用的句子是根据教材中出现的句子编写的，其中多数来自课文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。

3.认真钻研相关的语法讲解。主要指谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词比较等级、情态动词、虚拟语气形容词比较级、最高级，等部分。

动词：动词是考试的重点。主要包括：动词的时态、语态、语气和非谓语动词。

1)动词的时态：重点是动词的过去时、完成时。

So far， Irving ______(live) in New York City for ten years. has lived

Many a writer of newspaper articles_______(trun) to writing novels during the past decade. has turned

Some people think relations between people _______(deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible . have deteriorated

Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______(happen) to her.

had happened

In the past two decades， research _____(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dreams . has expanded

2)动词的语态：主要掌握各个时态的被动式。

The nations that _______actively ________(involve) in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， Russia， and the United States. are involved

There __________(estimate) to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Brtain in 1995. were estimated

3)动词的语气：

A.掌握非真实条件句中，谓语动词在主句和条件句中的虚拟语气形式。

If you had come earlier， you ______ (not miss) the first act of the play.

would not have missed

If it hadn‘t been for your help， we _____(be) in real trouble.

would have been

B.在表示建议、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“紧迫性”等含义的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，由“动词原形”或“should + 动词原形”构成。 should 常常省略

I would recommend that you _______(think) about doing something similar for yourself. (should) think

It was imperative that students ______(finish) their papers before July 1st.

(should) finish

C.动词wish 、would rather (sooner)、if only、as if 后的虚拟语气。

I would rather he _____(buy) the house next year.

bought ( 表示从句中动作尚未发生)

She treats me as if I ______ (be) a stranger. were

The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____( meet) them before.

had met

If only we ______(have) a phone! I‘m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.

D.in case ， for fear that ， lest 等词后从句的谓语动词为(should) + 原形。

He took his umbrella with him lest it _______ (rain.)

(should) rain

E.在It is (high) time that 从句中谓语动词一般用过去时动词。

It‘s high time that we _______(take) firm measures to protect our environment. took

F.时间错综条件句，动词的形式要根据表示的时间调整。

如果我们早动身，现在就不会在雨中走了。

If we had set out earlier，we wouldn‘t be walking in the rain.

(从句中动作发生在过去，主句中动作发生在现在。)